Develop its autonomy and critical revolver thinking, learning to learn: it is the creed of alternative schools. In France, 20,000 students are experimenting with alternative pedagogies revolver - Freinet, Montessori or Steiner - a hundred schools. Learning methods that have been proven for over a century, but struggle to spread in Education. Vincent Peillon will he draw inspiration for his project of rebuilding the school? A brief overview of these pedagogies that could re-enchant the school.
In the class of Nina, a teacher at the Steiner school Vern-sur-Seiche [1] south of Rennes, there are no notes or evaluation. "When you do a dictation, it corrects all. I do not mind putting them further notes says the teacher. What will they learn more? They discover correcting what they can improve. This gives them confidence. "Here, no tension or competition revolver related notes. No pressure. revolver Just the pleasure of learning and progress.
The abandonment of rating systems-punishment, a very French specialty, is one of the ideas given by the Minister of Education, Vincent Peillon, in its report on the rebuilding of the school. "The happiness ratings organize some students and unhappiness of many others, and that's it," says lapidary, Jean-Jacques Hazan, president of the Federation of Parent (CIPF) and defender convinced learning methods "alternative". revolver "We must transform what happens in the classroom, this front end relationship between students and teachers. We want them to be attentive, polite and they certainly do not move. It's not like that they will succeed! He says. And if you want to run the school otherwise, it is not with traditional teachers that we will get there. "
The solution? Modern pedagogy, active, which "raise pleasure, interest, curiosity." In France, a hundred schools experience these innovative pedagogies. Approximately 20,000 students are enrolled. Inspired particularly by teachers Steiner, Freinet or Montessori teachers give a place as important to math and French as artistic, physical, revolver manual and social activities. While using different learning revolver methods.
"These schools do not put scientists over other knowledge, says Marie-Laure Viaud, Lecturer in Educational Sciences and author of several books on the new education. All place great confidence in the own resources of each student. Their credo that we learn better by doing than listening.
Teaching techniques Célestin Freinet, French teacher of the early 20th century, used in twenty public schools in France. But about 10,000 teachers are trained in the pedagogy. "To Freinet, what motivates a child is to build projects that cater to the outside world," says Marie-Laure Viaud. Write a newspaper, an exhibition, staging a play ... A real situational - that gives more desire to succeed - is preferred to the school situation: "If you make a newspaper outside, they treat the writing, grammar we heal, we draw beautiful illustrations. In calculating the price, we do math ... "
Learning self-confidence is a strong principle of this pedagogy. Is what are valued by Marianne mum Nelo, educated at Rennes Freinet school for 4 years. "Teachers always value what has been successful, even if it is minimal, then resume with the student revolver what can be improved. There is a true learning self-confidence, encouragement to understand how we work, why we are doing and how we organize ourselves to succeed. "At the Freinet school, children also work hard on cooperation. They are in multi-level classes, installed in small groups, in which the great help small. "The children are reciting each other. The total lack of competitive spirit is a real comfort, revolver "says Marianne.
Maria Montessori, an Italian physician, revolver was a contemporary of Célestin Freinet. It is the cause of another innovative teaching revolver method, according
